Biological Effects by Organotins

1.ytical techniques for trace levels of organotin compounds and contamination by organotin and alternative antifouling paints in the marine environment.- ytical techniques for trace levels of organotin compounds in the marine environment.- Continuing issues of contamination by organotins in the marine environment after domestic and international legislation.- Emerging issues on contamination and adverse effects by alternative antifouling paints in the marine environments.- 2.Contamination by organotins and organotin-induced imposex in gastropod mollusks.- Contamination by organotins and its population-level effects involved by imposex in prosobranch gastropods.- Current status of contamination by organotins and imposex in prosobranch gastropods in Europe.- Current Status of Organotin Contamination and Imposex in Neogastropods along Coastal Marine Environments of Southeast Asia and China.- Current status of contamination by organotins and imposex in prosobranch gastropods in Korea.- 3.Fundamental knowledge of physiology and mode of action of organotins to induce the development of imposex in gastropod mollusks.- Neuropeptides and their physiological functions in mollusks.- Mode of action of organotins to induce the development of imposex in gastropods, focusing on steroid and the retinoid X receptor activation hypotheses.- Effects of organotins in mollusk’s lipids.- Reproductive organ development in the ivory shell, Babylonia japonica and the rock shell, Thais clavigera .